Types of bariatric surgery


The most common types of bariatric surgery and their efficaciousness explored

Most of the weight loss surgeries today are performed with the help of minimally invasive techniques. Laparoscopy is a technique which aids surgeons to perform an entire surgery by making tiny incisions in your abdominal region instead of a single big one.

Types of bariatric surgery

The minimal invasive surgery entails shorter recovery time than that of traditional invasive methods- and is comparatively painless as well. The bariatric surgery is responsible for causing weight loss by limiting the power of your stomach to hold as much food as it used to hold before. The most common types of bariatric surgery are:

  • Gastric bypass
  • Sleeve Gastrectomy
  • Adjustable Gastric Band
  • Biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch

Introduction

Your surgeon is the best person to suggest the right type of bariatric surgery for you. However, there’s definitely no harm in acquainting yourself with the basics of each of the aforementioned types. Read on to explore.

Gastric bypass: The treatment, benefits and risks

Also known as Roux-en-Y—Gastric Bypass, this particular option is regarded as the most effective weight loss surgery out of the aforementioned four.

The surgery has two distinct components. The first part deals with the creation of a small stomach pouch – approximately 30 millilitres in volume. The pouch is created just by dividing the top of the stomach from the rest of it.

The second part involves the division of the first portion of the small intestine. The bottom part of the divided intestine is attached to the newly created stomach pouch. The surgeon rounds off this procedure by attaching the top portion of the divided small intestine to the small intestine farther down.

The small stomach pouch is capable of handling only a very small amount of food. Expect to lose around up to 80% of excess weight. Other benefits include:

  • Results in favorable changes in gut hormones
  • Improves satiety
  • Restricts the amount of food that can be consumed by a large extent

Risks include higher complication rates, substantial loss of energy, possible long-term deficiency of vitamin, calcium and folate, longer hospital stay than what’s required for Adjustable Gastric Band and the requirement of strict adherence to mineral supplementation regime.

Sleeve Gastrectomy: The treatment, benefits and risks

The surgeon removes around 80% of your stomach. The primary aim is to limit the amount of nutrients absorbed by your body. With a smaller stomach, you can’t really expect to digest as much food as you could do earlier.

Short term studies have shown that this particular surgery is as effective as Gastric bypass when it comes to addressing weight loss. They have also revealed that both these surgeries are beneficial for those suffering from type 2 diabetes. The patient might be asked to stay at the hospital for 2 days post surgery.

However, before stepping inside the clinic, one should know that it is non-reversible procedure, which means that the things cannot be undone once the surgery is completed – irrespective of whether you’re satisfied with the results or not. Additionally the rate of complication is as high as that of Gastric Bypass.

Adjustable Gastric Band: The treatment, benefits and risks

The surgeon ties a gastric band on the upper part of the stomach. The presence of the inflatable band means that you now have a small stomach pouch above it (i.e. the band) and the rest of the stomach below it.

It’s the new pouch which will hold your food. The operative technique might require frequent adjustments or fills.

You can expect to lose around 50 percent weight with the help of this procedure. It requires shorter hospital stay – of around 24 hours- than what the aforementioned types of bariatric surgery require.

However, it should be remembered that the efficaciousness of this surgery has been challenged with claims that food may swiftly pass through the band itself.

Biliopancreatic Diversion with Duodenal Switch: The treatment, benefits and risks

The Biliopancreatic Diversion with Duodenal Switch or BPD/DS works in two parts. At first, a portion of the stomach is removed and a tubular pouch is created. The second part involves the surgeon bypassing a large portion of the small intestine.

The particular procedure can result in around 70% of fat absorption. It is also more effective on diabetes than what the other three types of weight loss surgeries are. However, it may lead to considerable loss of proteins from your body.

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