Breast lift (mastopexy) is an operation in which excessive breast skin is removed and the breast reshaped to look more youthful. In many cases the nipple is repositioned higher on the breast. After mastopexy, breast volume will be slightly reduced unless an implant is inserted. An implant may be recommended […]
What is Weight Loss? How does surgery help with weight loss? What is short term versus long term weight loss? Conditions Improved with Weight Loss Understanding the Impact of Obesity. Understanding the Impact of Obesity Obesity is a chronic and progressive disease that can affect multiple organs in the body. People […]
Body contouring is a general term that refers to procedures that alter the shape of large areas of the body, that is, mainly the trunk and extremities. Naturally, many cosmetic procedures have this goal, but the common use of the term “body contouring” denotes surgeries such as liposuction, excision of […]
In breast augmentation (enlargement; also known as augmentation mammaplasty) bags of saline or silicone gel are implanted under the breast (and sometimes also under muscle) in order to make the breasts look larger. Silicone gel implants usually provide a more natural look and feel than does saline, but both kinds of […]
What Works and What Doesn’t and How Physicians Choose ? What follows are brief descriptions of the most popular cosmetic procedures. If you are seriously considering undergoing a cosmetic procedure, you can find more detailed information about it from many good sources, including those listed in Resources at the back of […]
What is liposuctions procedure? liposuctions (suction lipectomy or lipoplasty) is a surgical procedure in which fat tissue is extracted through a rigid tube attached to a vacuum device. liposuctions was developed to treat localized fat deposits that typically do not respond well to dieting or exercise. Liposuction can permanently reduce these deposits, although […]
Two-dimensional (2-D) face-lifting techniques provide the basic construct upon which 3-D rejuvenation procedures are performed. The 2-D techniques allow rejuvenation through oblique and lateral lifting or through vertical and superolateral lifting. The addition of enhancement in an anterior-posterior (A-P) direction defines the 3-D facial rejuvenation tech- nique. There are four […]
What is Cosmetic Surgery? The primary goal of cosmetic Surgey is to enhance natural beauty by maintaining or restoring youthful qualities whenever possible. Youth is the common historical and cultural denominator of beauty. Changes of aging, such as sagging, drooping, bulging, puffiness, tissue laxity, and coarsening of surface texture are regarded as highly […]
In Hirschsprung disease Variable length of intestinal aganglionosis of the hindgut. Rectosigmoid is the aganglionosis transition point for 80% of Hirschsprung disease patients. Hirschsprung disease cab be Familial or sporadic. Up to 7.8% of Hirschsprung disease cases occur in patients for whom more than one family member is affected. Mutations in the RET protooncogene have […]
. Management of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm Preoperative management of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm . Unstable patients with a presumed diagnosis of a ruptured aneurysm (hypotension, abdominal or back pain, and a pulsatile abdominal mass or history of aneurysmal disease) are gently resuscitated with fluids (crystalloid, colloid, or blood) to maintain organ […]
What is Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ? How to Diagnosis? What is the management of abdominal aortic aneurysm? Endovascular management? Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) are the most common type of arterial aneurysm, occurring in 3% to 10% of people older than 50 years of age in the Western world (Br J […]
Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Diagnosis Surgical management Ascending aortic arch aneurysms Transverse aortic arch aneurysms Descending Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Thoracoabdominal aneurysms Endovascular management of thoracic aortic aneurysm Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm are primarily a disease of the elderly. Ascending and transverse arch aneurysms each comprise 25% of Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm (). The […]
A. Skin grafts Split-thickness grafts consist of epidermis and a variable thickness of dermis. Thinner grafts (<0.016 in.) have a higher rate of engraftment, whereas thicker grafts, with a greater amount of dermis, are more durable and aesthetically acceptable. Common donor sites are the thigh, buttock, and scalp. Full-thickness grafts […]
A. Incidence of Internal Hernias Of patients who present with acute intestinal obstruction, fewer than 5% have an internal hernia. When internal hernias are complicated by intestinal volvulus, there is an 80% incidence of strangulation or gangrene. B. Etiology of Internal Hernias Internal hernias occur within the abdominal cavity owing to congenital […]
Dr Adarsh M Patil mbbs ms (mrcs) Is one of the leading GI surgeons in Bangalore .15 years of experience in eminent hospitals like Manipal Hospital, Apollo Hospitals and Narayana Hrudalaya in Bangalore. He has experience of treating numerous Inguinal Hernia patients in Bangalore . He believes in that Patient safety comes first […]
Phyllodes Tumor account for 1% of breast neoplasms. They present as a large, smooth, lobulated mass and may be difficult to distinguish from fibroadenoma on physical exam. They can occur in women of any age, but most frequently between ages 35 and 55 years. Skin ulcerations may occur secondary to […]
I. The Breast Breast tissue is located between the subcutaneous fat and the fascia of the pectoralis major and serratus anterior muscles. Posterior to the breast and anterior to the pectoralis fascia is the retromammary space, which contains small lymphatics and vessels. Breast tissue can extend to the clavicle, into […]
A. Inspect the breasts Inspect the breasts with the patient both in the upright and supine positions. With the patient in the upright position, examine with the patient’s arms relaxed and then raised, looking for shape asymmetry, deformity, and skin changes (erythema, edema, dimpling). With the patient in the supine […]
Although detection of preinvasive disease has increased, the incidence of invasive cervical cancer has dramatically decreased in the United States due to widespread screening by cervical cytology (Papanicolaou smears). However, cervical cancer remains the leading cause of cancer related deaths among women in developing countries (National Cervical Cancer Coalition Web […]
Ovarian cancer is the deadliest of all the gynecologic malignancies. There will be approximately 22,430 new cases diagnosed in 2007. More than two thirds of patients in whom epithelial ovarian cancer is diagnosed eventually die from this disease (15,280/year in the United States) (Cancer J Clin 2007;57:43). Besides tumors arising […]
Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic malignancy in the United States. Approximately 39,080 new cases will be diagnosed in 2007. Most (approximately 90%) of these tumors are adenocarcinomas arising from the lining of the uterus. Risk factors for endometrial cancer include white race, obesity, early menarche and late menopause, […]
Galactorrhea is milky discharge unrelated to breast-feeding. Physiologic galactorrhea is the continued production of milk after lactation has ceased and menses resumed and is often caused by continued mechanical stimulation of the nipples. Drug-related galactorrhea is caused by medications that affect the hypothalamic-pituitary axis by depleting dopamine (tricyclic antidepressants, reserpine, […]
Pathologic nipple discharge is either (1) bloody or (2) spontaneous, unilateral, and originates from a single duct. Normal physiologic discharge is usually nonbloody, from multiple ducts, can be a variety of colors (clear to yellow to green), and requires breast manipulation to produce. Pathologic discharge is serous, serosanguineous, bloody, or […]
Fibrocystic Breast Change (FBC) encompasses several of the following pathologic features: stromal fibrosis, macro- and microcysts, apocrine metaplasia, hyperplasia, and adenosis (which may be sclerosing, blunt-duct, or florid). FBC is common and may present as breast pain, a breast mass, nipple discharge, or abnormalities on mammography. The patient presenting with […]
